Using a critical suicidology approach with a One Health framework, my Master’s research utilized the concept of zooeyia - which recognizes the health benefits of animals in the lives of humans – to explore the significant role the human-animal bond (HAB) has in meditating suicidality. However, research is increasingly showing the viability of service dogs (SDs) being used as a complementary approach for military Veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use harms – two of the strongest indicators for suicidality across any population. Geographical differences are also likely to be present in the relative proportion of psychiatric diagnoses among suicides.Īlthough psychopathology clearly mediates suicide risk, gender and geographical differences seem to exist in the relative proportion of the specific psychiatric disorders found among suicide completers.ĭespite ample anecdotal evidence, there are limited meaningful studies speaking to the important role that animal-assisted intervention (AAI) may have in reducing suicide risk. Diagnoses of substance-related problems (OR = 3.58 95% CI: 2.78-4.61), personality disorders (OR = 2.01 95% CI: 1.38-2.95) and childhood disorders (OR = 4.95 95% CI: 2.69-9.31) were more common among male suicides, whereas affective disorders (OR = 0.66 95% CI: 0.53-0.83), including depressive disorders (OR = 0.53 95% CI: 0.42-0.68) were less common among males. Twenty-seven studies comprising 3275 suicides were included, of which, 87.3% (SD 10.0%) had been diagnosed with a mental disorder prior to their death. Mantel-Haenszel Weighted Odds Ratios were estimated for these 16 outcome variables. Twenty-three variables were defined, 16 of which evaluating psychiatric disorders. Studies were identified by means of MEDLINE database searches and by scanning the reference list of relevant publications. We carried out a review of studies in which psychological autopsy studies of suicide completers were performed. This study provides overall rates of total and specific psychiatric disorders in suicide completers and presents evidence supporting gender and geographic differences in their relative proportion. However, rates of specific disorders vary considerably between studies and little information is known about gender and geographic differences. It is well known that most suicide cases meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder.
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